Chair:  Elaine Beilin

Professors:  Elaine Beilin, Alan Feldman, Bernard Horn, Desmond McCarthy, Arthur Nolletti, Jr., Mark Seiden

Associate Professors:  **Kathleen Beyer, Thomas Grove, Catherine McLaughlin, Julia Scandrett

Assistant Professors:  Lisa Eck, *Julie Eckerle, Lorretta Holloway, *Carolyn Maibor, *Lynn Parker, *Evelyn Perry

*Sabbatical: Fall 2005
**Sabbatical: Spring 2006

The English Department offers a wide-range program of poetry, prose, drama, film, linguistics, writing, and journalism for majors and non-majors alike. This program is designed to help students develop increased skills in reading, writing, and analytical thinking; greater appreciation of literature; and deeper understanding of the relationship between literature and race, gender, culture, history, and our shared humanity.

The General Education Requirement

All students must satisfy a general education requirement consisting of eleven (11) courses outside of the major department (see page 58 of this catalog). The General Education Goal 4 (Literature or Philosophy) is satisfied through the completion of the English major.

Course Prerequisites

Courses may have specified conditions for enrollment, such as prior completion of less advanced courses, permission of the instructor, or appropriate placement test scores. Students should refer to course descriptions in the department listings for prerequisite requirements.

Placement Testing

Each incoming student must take a placement examination in writing, which is administered during orientation for new students. Shown below are additional dates and times for the examinations during the 2005-2006 academic year. Contact the Center for Academic Support and Advising (CASA) for reservations.

            Thursday, September 1, 2005....................................9:30 am

            Thursday, September 1, 2005....................................1:30 pm

            Tuesday, October 25, 2005........................................4:30 pm

            Wednesday, October 26, 2005...................................1:30 pm

            Tuesday, January 24, 2006.........................................4:30 pm

            Wednesday, March 29, 2006.......................................1:30 pm

            Thursday, March 30, 2006...........................................4:30 pm

Writing Code Interpretation

0    May not take a college level writing course at Framingham State College.

1    Must complete 21.100 Introduction to College Writing before enrolling in 21.110 Expository Writing.

2    May register for 21.110 Expository Writing, which meets the College’s general education writing requirement.  Note A reading code of 1 is also required to register for 21.110.

ENGLISH MAJOR

Departmental Requirements for English Major (ENG)

Principal courses, twelve (12) required, as follows:

Major Core:

            21.204             Literary Study (Students permitted by the Chair to waive this
                                    requirement must take 21.333 Critical Writing.)

One (1) of the following writing or journalism courses:

            21.225             Introduction to Journalism

            21.282             Creative Writing

            21.284             Prose Writing

            21.286             Professional Writing

            21.288             Writing Fiction

            21.331             News Writing

            21.333             Critical Writing

            21.335             Feature Writing

            21.410             Seminar in Creative Writing

            21.411             Seminar in Prose Writing

            21.471             Business Writing

            21.472             Technical Writing

            21.480             Writing for Publication

Literature Group A: One (1) course from the following:

            21.251             British Literature I: Old English to 1680

            21.313             English Drama from the Middle Ages to the Eighteenth Century

            21.314             English Renaissance Literature

            21.220             Shakespeare

            21.317             Studies in Shakespeare

            21.407             Chaucer

Literature Group B: One (1) course from the following:         

            21.255             British Literature II: 1680 to 1890

            21.232             Irish Literature

            21.318             Romantic Movement

            21.321             Rise and Establishment of the English Novel

            21.322             The Nineteenth-Century British Novel

            21.330             Victorian Period

            21.374             Modern British and American Poetry

                                   (may be used for Group B or C but not both)

Literature Group C (American): Two (2) courses in American literature:

            21.243             American Short Story

            21.245             American Novel

            21.260             American Ethnic Literature

            21.261             American Writers I

            21.262             American Writers II

            21.353             Dickinson and Frost

            21.360             African American Literature

            21.365             American Romanticism

            21.368             American Realism and Naturalism

            21.374             Modern British and American Poetry
                                  (may be used for Group B or C but not both)

Literature Group D: One (1) course in Classical, Biblical or Renaissance Literature:

            21.202             Comparative Mythology

            21.265             World Literature: Our Cultural Heritage

            21.266             World Literature: Renaissance to Present

            21.271             Development of the Drama

            21.345             Studies in the Bible as Literature

Literature Group E: One (1) course from the following World Literature courses:

            21.203             Global Perspectives in Literature

            21.277             Contemporary World Literature by Women

            21.342             Modern Drama

            21.362             Russian Literature in Translation

            21.376             The Twentieth-Century Novel

            21.379             Contemporary European and American Literature

Capstone course:

            21.422             Seminar in Literature (prerequisite eight English courses, including one
                                  at the 300-level)

Other Courses (to total twelve) from above or from the following areas:

            21.111             Approaches to Literature

            21.201             Mythology and Folklore

            21.205             Film History and Criticism

            21.206             Film and Literature

            21.207             The Language of Film

            21.208             Film Genres

            21.250             Literature and Gender

            21.269             Women Writers

            21.297             English Grammar: A Structural Analysis

            21.305             Japanese Cinema

            21.325             Studies in Film

            21.401             The English Language

            21.490             Independent Study in English

One Children’s Literature course chosen from the following (only one course in this area may be counted toward the 12 courses required for the major):

            21.212             Literature for Children

            21.300             Writing for the Children’s Market

            21.393             Literature for Preadolescents

            21.394             Workshop in Children’s Literature

            21.395             Literature for Young Adults

            21.396             Literature for the Young Child

            21.399             Contemporary Trends in Literature for Children

All English majors must take three (3) literature courses at the 300- or 400-level in addition to 21.422 Seminar in Literature. One of the three courses may be a 300-level film course. Except for 21.395 Literature for Young Adults, children’s literature courses do not satisfy this requirement. Students should focus on 300- and 400-level courses in the junior and senior years.

Foreign Language Requirement:

Intermediate knowledge of one foreign language required (0-4 courses). The intermediate level may be met in one of several ways: 1) completion of a college-level Intermediate II language course; 2) placement test score of 80 or above; 3) waiver from the Chair of the Modern Language Department if high school academic language is other than English (usually applies to international students); four years of a single language in high school; achievement of level 4 in a single language in high school.

MAJOR WITH CONCENTRATION IN WRITING (ENW)

Minimum of 15 courses, as follows:

Twelve (12) required courses for the major, plus four (4) of the following:

            21.225             Introduction to Journalism

            21.282             Creative Writing

            21.283             Writing Poetry

            21.284             Prose Writing

            21.286             Professional Writing

            21.288             Writing Fiction

            21.331             News Writing

            21.333             Critical Writing

            21.335             Feature Writing

            21.410             Seminar in Creative Writing

            21.411             Seminar in Prose Writing

            21.471             Business Writing

            21.472             Technical Writing

            21.480             Writing for Publication

            21.481             Editorial Workshop in Journalism

 Note No more than one of these courses may be used to fulfill both the requirement of twelve courses in English and four courses for this concentration.

MAJOR WITH CONCENTRATION IN PROFESSIONAL WRITING (ENP)

Minimum of 15 courses as follows:

Twelve (12) required courses for the major, plus four (4) of the following:

            21.225             Introduction to Journalism or

                                    21.335             Feature Writing

            21.286             Professional Writing

            21.471             Business Writing

            21.472             Technical Writing

            21.480             Writing for Publication

            21.495             Practicum in English (writing)

 Note No more than one of these courses may be used to fulfill both the requirement of twelve courses in English and four courses for this concentration.

MAJOR WITH CONCENTRATION IN CREATIVE WRITING (ENC)

Minimum of 15 courses, as follows:

Twelve (12) required courses for the major, plus four (4) of the following:

            21.282             Creative Writing

            21.283             Writing Poetry

            21.284             Prose Writing

            21.288             Writing Fiction

            21.300             Writing for the Children’s Market

            21.410             Seminar in Creative Writing

            21.411             Seminar in Prose Writing

            21.480             Writing for Publication

 Note No more than one of these courses may be used to fulfill both the requirement of twelve courses in English and four courses for this concentration.

MAJOR WITH CONCENTRATION IN JOURNALISM (ENJ)

Minimum of 15 courses as follows:

Twelve (12) required courses for the major, plus the following four (4):

            21.225             Introduction to Journalism

            21.331             News Writing

One internship:

            21.481             Editorial Workshop in Journalism or

                                    21.494             Practicum in Journalism

One(1) of the following:

            21.335             Feature Writing

            21.480             Writing for Publication

Internship (whichever one was not taken above):

            21.481             Editorial Workshop in Journalism or

                                    21.494             Practicum in Journalism

 Note One of the above courses, except for the internships, may be used to fulfill the requirements of both the twelve courses in English and the four courses for this concentration.

MAJOR WITH CONCENTRATION IN FILM STUDIES (ENF)

Minimum of 15 courses, as follows:

Twelve (12) required courses for the major, plus four (4) of the following:

            21.205             Film History and Critism

            21.206             Film and Literature

            21.207             The Language of Film

            21.208             Film Genres

            21.305             Japenese Cinema

            21.325             Studios in Film

 Note No more than one of these courses may be used to fulfill both the requirement of twelve courses in English and four courses for this concentration.

MAJOR WITH MINOR IN SECONDARY EDUCATION (ENT) (Initial Licensure)

I. General Education requirements

II. English major requirements (12 courses)

            21.204             Literary Study

            21.251             (Group A)

            21.255             (Group B)

            Two courses from Group C

            One course from Group D

            One course from Group E

            21.333             Critical Writing

            21.401             The English Language

            21.422             Seminar in Literature

            Two (2) English electives

III. Completion of second semester intermediate foreign language or equivalent

IV. High School or Middle School   

            71.115             Introduction to Speech Communication

            42.200             Psychology of Development (Gen.Ed.)

V. Education Requirements:

High School:

            14.200             Education in American Society with Field Study I

            14.315             Professional Preparation and Field Study II - Methods, Special Education and Technology for High School             

            14.410-11        Student Teaching Practicum and Seminar I-II - High School      

Middle School:

            14.200             Education in American Society with Field Study I         

            14.316             Professional Preparation and Field Study II - Methods, Special
                                   Education and Technology for Middle School

            14.414-15        Student Teaching Practicum and Seminar I-II - Middle School

See page 153 of this catalog for further information on teacher education.

COORDINATE MAJOR IN EARLY CHILDHOOD OR ELEMENTARY EDUCATION

The Department of English sponsors two programs for students pursuing licensure in early childhood or elementary education. One is the Interdisciplinary Major in Language Arts, as described in the Education section of this catalog. A second option is a major in English, combined with the Coordinate Major in Education, as outlined below.

Students must satisfy the general education requirement, the English major requirement of twelve (12) courses plus the foreign language requirement, and the early childhood or elementary education requirement of five (5) courses plus the professional semester. With careful planning, students may complete this program within 32 courses.

I. General Education requirement

II. English major requirements (12 Courses)

III. Choose A or B

A. Coordinate Major in Early Childhood Education (Pre-K - Grade 2 Licensure)

            14.200             Education in American Society with Field Study I

            42.200             Psychology of Development (Gen.Ed.)

            14.320             The Young Child: Emerging Literacy with Field Study II

            14.374             Early Childhood Curriculum: Mathematics and Science with Field Study
                                   III

            14.376             Early Childhood Curriculum: Reading, Social Studies and Special Needs

            The Professional Semester (four courses):

            14.431             Early Childhood Professional Practicum A (Credit—two courses)

            14.432             Early Childhood Professional Practicum B (Credit—two courses)

B. Coordinate Major in Elementary Education

            (Grades 1-6 Licensure)

            14.200             Education in American Society with Field Study I

            42.200             Psychology of Development (Gen.Ed.)

            14.322             The Child and Literacy with Field Study II

            14.341             Elementary Curriculum: Mathematics with Field Study III

            14.346             Elementary Curriculum: Science, Social Studies and Special Needs

            The Professional Semester (four courses):

            14.437             Elementary Professional Practicum A (Credit—two courses)

            14.438             Elementary Professional Practicum B (Credit—two courses)

Note 42.200 may be used to fulfill the College requirement for general education.

IV. Minor Requirement

No minor is required for students with a Coordinate Major in Early Childhood or Elementary Education. But, if a student so wishes, a minor is possible with careful planning.

MINOR IN ENGLISH (6 courses)

            21.110             Expository Writing or completion of Gen.Ed. Goal 1 plus five (5) courses
                                  acceptable for the English majors

MINOR IN WRITING (for non-English majors only) (5 courses)

            21.110             Expository Writing or completion of Gen.Ed. Goal 1 plus four (4)
                                   additional advanced writing courses.

MINOR IN JOURNALISM (5 courses)

            21.110             Expository Writing or completion of Gen.Ed. Goal 1

            21.225             Introduction to Journalism

            21.331             News Writing

            One internship: 21.481 Editorial Workshop in Journalism or

                                   21.494             Practicum in Journalism

One (1) of the following:

            21.335             Feature Writing

            21.480             Writing for Publication

            Internship (whichever was not taken above):

            21.481             Editorial Workshop in Journalism or

                                   21.494             Practicum in Journalism

MINOR IN AMERICAN STUDIES (5 courses) See page 51.

MINOR IN PROFESSIONAL WRITING (for non-English majors only) (5 courses)

            21.110             Expository Writing or completion of Gen.Ed. Goal 1

            21.286             Professional Writing

            21.471             Business Writing

            21.472             Technical Writing

            21.495             Practicum in English (experience in a professional writing situation)

Description of Course Levels

In addition to being grouped by distribution areas (i.e., British literature, American literature, world literature, and so forth), English Department courses are arranged in tiers that assume different levels of preparation, background, and experience.

100-level courses are foundation courses in literature and composition. They assume little or no previous experience in the subject and include 21.110 Expository Writing, a college-wide requirement. 100-level courses are offered each semester.

200-level courses examine a broad range of material and various literary traditions, periods, and genres. These include historical overviews in British, American, and world literatures; genre studies; writing and journalism courses; women’s studies; language studies; minority literature; film studies; and 21.204 Literary Study, a required seminar for English majors that should be taken in the first year or as early in the student’s career as possible. Literature courses at this level include a research component. Most of these courses are offered each semester or once a year; a few are normally offered every other year.

300-level courses are increasingly specialized courses that provide breadth of coverage with a more detailed and rigorous study of the material. These courses presuppose some background and experience in literature, as well as proficiency in close reading, analytical thinking, and expository writing. Writing assignments include essays that integrate research and close readings of texts. A few of these courses are offered once a year, but most are offered only every other year.

400-level courses are advanced courses primarily intended for juniors and seniors. Most classes are conducted as a workshop or seminar in which students are responsible for oral reports and in-class presentations. Student papers are required to demonstrate mastery in research techniques, familiarity with various critical methodologies, and ability to synthesize disparate materials. Independent studies, practica, and Seminar in Literature are offered each semester; writing courses are offered every year or every other year; language and literature courses vary from once a year to once every three years.

800-level courses are designed for graduate credit only.

English Courses Appropriate for General Education (Gen. Ed.):         

Course Descriptions

21.100 Introduction to College Writing

An introduction to the writing of short essays typically required in the College’s General Education program. Course work emphasizes the development of thesis statements, organizing support information, summarizing, paraphrasing, quoting, and citing sources. Editing and revising, including a review of grammar, mechanics, and usage are major features of the course. A reading module reinforces critical thinking and analytical reasoning.  Note Credit is given for this course only if taken before 21.110 Expository Writing

21.110 Expository Writing (Gen. Ed. Goal 1)

Designed to improve the writing of expository prose needed in college and beyond. The emphasis rests on collecting, evaluating, and organizing evidence from primary and secondary sources in order to support an explicit, arguable, and substantive thesis. The course includes the writing of a well-researched and documented paper that draws on traditional and electronic sources.  Note Credit will not be given for this course and 21.102 Essentials of Writing. Students must pass 21.110 to fulfill the College’s writing requirement (general education goal 1) and entering students must complete this course within their first three semesters. Credit is given for both this course and 21.100 Introduction to College Writing if 21.100 Introduction to College Writing is taken first.

Prerequisite: Satisfactory performance on the English placement exam or 21.100 Introduction to College Writing.

21.111 Approaches to Literature (Gen. Ed. Goal 4)

Critical reading and discussion of poetry, prose, and drama for the purpose of increasing the student’s appreciation of the dynamics between themes and forms in the art of literature. Some sections emphasize literary forms and others philosophical, moral, or social themes. The focus of each section is announced before registration.  Note Students who have taken 21.111 Types of Literature or 21.115 Ideas in Western Literature will not receive credit for this course.

21.201 Mythology and Folklore (Gen. Ed. Goals 4, 12)

A comparative analysis of myths and folklore from various cultures, such as Native American, Greek, American, Teutonic, and African American. A significant part of the exploration deals with issues of class and race, as well as gender problems like female-male stereotyping. Other topics may include postulation of common types of tales and motifs, theories of the origin and nature of myth and folklore, as well as consideration of each myth or folklore piece as representative not only of its genre but also a possibly intact unified structure.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 or permission of instructor.

21.202 Comparative Mythology (Gen. Ed. Goals 4, 11)

A comparative study of primarily ancient myths through the Western and non-Western world, emphasizing such sources as Indian, Mayan, Finnish, Native American, Near Eastern, and Greek. Each belief system is first studied by itself before resemblances to other systems are sought. Finding elements that recur in a myth and that appear in other myths leads to considering the origin and nature of myth, as well as the significance of myth for a group of people.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 or permission of instructor.

21.203 Global Perspectives in Literature (Gen. Ed. Goals 4, 11)

An introduction to contemporary literature outside of Europe and the United States. The course also includes Western writings which highlight international encounters between cultures. Readings are in English and draw on various genres.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 or permission of instructor.

21.204 Literary Study

The foundation course for the major in English. This seminar focuses on close reading, analytical writing, and research methods. Students examine in depth one important work in English (or a group of related works) and the criticism surrounding it. English majors are encouraged to take Literary Study as early as possible.

Prerequisite: 21.110 Expository Writing; for students not in the English major/minor or the Interdisciplinary Major in Language Arts, permission of the instructor is required.

21.205 Film History and Criticism (Gen. Ed. Goal 5)

A study of the development of film and its significance as an art form. Works by notable directors, such as Griffith, Eisenstein, and Welles, are viewed in class and critically analyzed as representative of important film movements, personal artistic expression, and national film cultures. The inherent qualities of film are examined in relationship to the other arts.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 or permission of the instructor.

21.206 Film and Literature

An examination of the relationship between film and literature with a close analysis of the aesthetic and practical problems involved in adapting fiction to the film. Readings include film and literary criticism, as well as the fiction upon which films viewed in class are based. Discussions focus on the potentialities, limitations and nature of each art form.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen.Ed. Goal 1 or permission of the instructor.

21.207 The Language of Film (Gen. Ed. Goal 5)

A study of the vocabulary proper to an intelligent discussion of film. Topics to be included are directorial techniques, the role of editing, styles of film acting, the relation of one shot to another, mise-en-scene and montage, lighting, and the relationship between form and content. Emphasis is on an aesthetic of the film from the perspective of the film-viewing experience.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 or permission of the instructor.

21.208 Film Genres

Studies of genre films concentrating on the historical, thematic, and specifically cinematic nature of representative sound and silent works. Possible genres include comedy, the western, the gangster film, the musical, the horror film and science fiction, and the “woman’s picture.” A different genre is selected each time the course is offered.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 or permission of the instructor.

21.212 Literature for Children

A critical approach to the survey of traditional and contemporary literature for children from kindergarten through grade eight, including poetry, folklore, fantasy, realistic and problem stories, biography, and selected informational books. An introduction to basic bibliographic tools and review media is included.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 or permission of instructor.

21.220 Shakespeare (Gen. Ed. Goals 4, 12)

An introduction to Shakespearean comedy, tragedy, history, and romance in such plays as As You like it, Measure for Measure, King Lear, Othello, Henry V, and The Tempest. The course explores the Elizabethan-Jacobean roots of Shakespeare’s plays and their continuing popularity by studying language, dramatic technique, performance on stage and screen, and the representation of gender, race, and class. Students who have received credit for 21.215/315 Shakespeare I, or 21.216/316 Shakespeare II will not receive credit for this course.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 or permission of instructor.

21.225 Introduction to Journalism   

An introduction to the profession of journalism providing historical background, basis for libel, and other fundamental, technical and legal knowledge for journalists. Students produce extensive writing in a variety of journalistic formats, such as news, features, and op/ed pieces. The course also investigates current issues in contemporary journalism by analyzing a wide range of newspapers.

Prerequisite: 21.110 Expository Writing.

21.232 Irish Literature (Gen. Ed. Goal 4)

A consideration of the development of Irish literature from its origins in myth, saga, and lyric through the twentieth century, with emphasis on the period from the Literary Revival in the late nineteenth century to the present. Among the writers covered are Swift, William Carleton, Maria Edgeworth, Thomas Moore, Yeats, Synge, O’Casey, Joyce and Beckett.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 or permission of instructor.

21.243 The American Short Story (Gen. Ed. Goals 4, 12)

A survey of the short story in America from Irving, Poe, and Hawthorne to the present with emphasis on writers who reflect various regions, cultures, and ethnic groups.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 or permission of instructor.

21.245 The American Novel (Gen. Ed. Goals 4, 12)

The background and development of the American novel from its beginnings to the present. Covering representative novels by such writers as Hawthorne, Stowe, Melville, Twain, James, Dreiser, Cather, Faulkner, Ellison, Mailer, Bellow, and Morrison, the course reflects the diversity and range of American fiction and addresses the social and intellectual backgrounds of the writers and issues of race, class, and gender.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 or permission of instructor.

21.250 Literature and Gender (Gen. Ed. Goal 4)

An exploration of the relations between gender and literature as they pertain to authorship, literary representations of men and women, constructions of masculinity and femininity, and literary criticism. Topics vary and may include the literature of a particular period or country, a specific genre, and gay and lesbian literature.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 or permission of instructor.

21.251 British Literature I: Old English to 1680

A chronological study of British literature that focuses on representative works and authors through 1680. Readings include Beowulf, selections from Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales, one Shakespeare play, and selections form other writers such as Malory, Spenser, Sidney, Donne, Cary, and Milton. Works are explored in the context of the literary, cultural, and historical milieu in which they were produced.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 or permission of instructor.

21.255 British Literature II: 1680-1890

A chronological study of British literature from the Restoration to the Late Victorian period that focuses on representative works and authors. Readings include selections from such writers as Behn, Swift, Johnson, Wordsworth, Coleridge, Austen, Byron, the Brontes, Shelley, Keats, Tennyson, Arnold, Browning, and George Eliot. Works are explored in the literary, cultural, and historical milieu in which they were produced.  Note 21.251 British Literature I is not a prerequisite to this course.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 or permission of instructor.

21.260 American Ethnic Literature (Gen. Ed. Goals 4, 12)

A study of Native American, African American, Asian American, Hispanic American, and other ethnic writers. The course explores issues of individual and collective identity, as well as the tension between assimilation and ethnic affirmation in the works of writers throughout American history.  Note Students who have taken 21.260 Minority Literature will not receive credit for this course.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 or permission of instructor.

21.261 American Writers I (Gen. Ed. Goals 4, 12)

A survey of literature from the age of European exploration to the middle of the nineteenth century. The course reflects the diversity and range of American experience. Readings may include letters and journals of early discoverers, explorers, and settlers; selections from the Native American oral tradition; essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson, Margaret Fuller, and Henry David Thoreau; autobiographies by Frederick Douglass and Harriet Jacobs; and poetry and fiction by writers ranging from Anne Bradstreet to Herman Melville.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 or permission of instructor.

21.262 American Writers II (Gen. Ed. Goals 4, 12)

A survey of literature since the middle of the nineteenth century. The course reflects the diversity and range of American experience. Readings may include memoirs, criticism, poetry, fiction, or drama by authors such as Emily Dickinson, Mark Twain, Willa Cather, T.S.Eliot, William Faulkner, Tennessee Williams, and James Baldwin.  Note 21.261 American Writers I is not a prerequisite for this course.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 or permission of instructor.

21.265 World Literature: Our Cultural Heritage

A course designed to acquaint the student with great continental writers of Western civilization from antiquity through the Middle Ages. Representative selections from the Bible, Homer, Plato, Greek drama, Virgil, Dante, and the medieval epic and romance are studied in translation.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 or permission of instructor.

21.266 World Literature: Renaissance to the Present

A course designed to acquaint the student with great continental writers of western civilization from the Renaissance to the present. Representative selections from Boccaccio, Castiglione, Machiavelli, Cervantes, Voltaire, Rousseau, Goethe, Balzac, Tolstoy, Mann, and Hesse are studied in translation.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 or permission of instructor.

21.269 Women Writers (Gen. Ed. Goal 4)

A study of women writers from the medieval to the modern period in the content of their times and literary traditions. Topics vary and include exploration of a specific period; a genre such as life writing, romance, and poetry, or a cultural milieu such as literary circle, place, or family.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 or permission of instructor.

21.271 Development of the Drama (Gen. Ed. Goal 4)

A study of the drama as an art form from its genesis in classical antiquity through its most recent expressions. Representative plays illustrating this development are read and discussed and students are encouraged to prepare selected scenes for class presentation. Related topics touched on include history of the theater and the literature of dramatic criticism.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 or permission of instructor.

21.277 Contemporary World Literature by Women (Gen. Ed. Goals 4, 12)

An examination of the writings of twentieth-century women through a variety of critical approaches from the traditional to the contemporary. The readings explore their lives and works, and their relationship to feminism. The course features an international, cross-cultural selection of writers.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 or permission of instructor.

21.282 Creative Writing

A study of the methods and techniques of creative writing, with emphasis on the variety of forms used in contemporary literature. Students are encouraged to experiment both in prose and poetry in order to develop new strategies to express their experiences and feelings. Students read manuscripts in class.

Prerequisite: 21.110 Expository Writing.

21.283 Writing Poetry

A workshop in reading and writing poetry, with an emphasis on personal expression, free verse technique, and contemporary adaptations of traditional forms. Some attention is also given to techniques developed by contemporary poets for teaching poetry to children and adolescents.

Prerequisite: 21.110 Expository Writing.

21.284 Prose Writing

A study in writing non-fiction prose, including narration, description, and exposition, to help students improve their general ability to communicate experiences, observations, and thoughts.

Prerequisite: 21.110 Expository Writing.

21.286 Professional Writing

A career-oriented course introducing students to a wide variety of writing formats used in business, government, and the professions. Resumes, employment documents, letters and memos, short proposals, public relations and advertising documents, and basic aspects of technical description are among the writing assignments. Critiquing, rewriting, editing, and word processing are integral parts of this course.  Note Credit is not given for this course if it is taken after both 21.471 Business Communication and 21.472 Technical Writing.

Prerequisite: 21.110 Expository Writing or permission of the instructor.

21.288 Writing Fiction

A workshop in reading and writing short fiction with an emphasis on writing from personal experience, use of traditional and contemporary forms, and developing narrative voice, characters, plot, and setting.

Prerequisite: 21.110 Expository Writing.

21.297 English Grammar: A Structural Analysis

An intensive analysis of the theory and practice of English grammar. The effects of syntactic structure upon meaning in such phenomena as dependent clauses, prepositional phrases, nouns and verbs, subjects, objects, and modifiers are explored in order to understand a grammatical description of English.

Prerequisite: 21.110 Expository Writing

21.300 Writing for the Children’s Market

An intensive writing course in which students practice the narrative and expository techniques appropriate for children’s books and magazines. Students complete a variety of writing exercises, study published examples, research the markets, and prepare their own materials for submission. Classes include writing workshops, book discussions, background lectures, individual conferences with the instructor, and group critiques.

Prerequisite: One course in writing beyond 21.110 Expository Writing, or 21.212 Literature for Children.

21.305 Japanese Cinema

An intensive examination of a significant national cinema. This course focuses on the distinct aesthetic style and themes of such major directors as Ozu, Mizoguchi, and Kurosawa; the social, political, and cultural conditions that influence their films; and the ways in which these films reflect the values and concerns of Japanese society. Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 and one of the following film courses: 21.205 Film History and Criticism, 21.206 Film and Literature, 21.207 The Language of Film, or 21.208 Film Genres; or permission of the instructor.

21.313 Medieval and Renaissance Drama

A study of English drama from its festive, religious, and classical roots to the popular entertainments of the pre-modern era. Readings include medieval mysteries and moralities; Renaissance pastoral plays, and Elizabethan-Jacobean tragedies and comedies; with attention to such dramatists as Marlowe, Jonson, Cary, Middleton, Webster, Beaumont, and Fletcher.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 and one 200-level literature course; or permission of instructor.

21.314 English Renaissance Literature

The study of sixteenth and seventeenth-century authors who created a new national literature out of classical, continental, and native traditions. Through varying topics and study of such authors as Greene, Spenser, Sidney, Lanyer, Jonson, Wroth, Bacon, Donne, and Milton, students explore literary and cultural contexts for a rich array of genres, including lyric, romance, pastoral, essay, and allegory.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 and one 200-level literature course; or permission of instructor.

21.317 Studies in Shakespeare

An exploration of a special topic in Shakespearean drama, focusing on a theme, a genre, or a particular literary, social, or political context in selected plays. Shakespeare is studied as a poet, playwright, and thinker. Topics, which change every year, will include Shakespeare on Film, Shakespearean Families, Gender and Genre in Shakespeare, Shakespeare’s Dramatic Imagery, and Shakespeare’s Tragic Heroes.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 and one 200-level literature course; or permission of instructor.

21.318 The Romantic Movement

A critical and historical study of romanticism in English literature. Concentration is on the major poets: Wordsworth, Coleridge, Byron, Shelley, and Keats.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 and one 200-level literature course; or permission of instructor.

21.321 Rise and Establishment of the English Novel

A study of the beginnings, development, and tradition of the novel in England through an examination of contributing prose forms of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries and the major authors of eighteenth century fiction such as Fielding, Smollett, and Austen.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 and one 200-level literature course; or permission of instructor.

21.322 The Nineteenth-Century British Novel

A study of the nineteenth-century British novel, including works form a variety of authors through the century, such as the Brontes, Dickens, George Eliot, Gissing, and Hardy.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 and one 200-level literature course; or permission of instructor.

21.325 Studies in Film

An exploration of a special topic in film. Topics, which change each time the course is offered, include the study of an individual director’s body or work, classical or contemporary film theory, or a specific period in film history.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 and one of the following film courses: 21.205 Film History and Criticism, 21.206 Film and Literature, 21.207 The Language of Film, 21.208 Film Genres; or permission of instructor.

21.330 The Victorian Period

A study of British poetry and prose (exclusive of the novel) from the 1830’s to the end of the nineteenth century with emphasis on forces and influences that have helped to shape the present. Historical and social backgrounds of the literature; major philosophical ideas and conflicts; aesthetic developments; relationships with America and continental Europe.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 and one 200-level literature course; or permission of instructor.

21.331 News Writing

A rigorous examination of news writing with emphasis on accuracy, journalistic conventions, and deadlines. Students cover a variety of news events. The course explores the question “What is News?” and such issues as libel, privacy, the right to know, and freedom of information. May be used to fulfill the requirements for the English major.

Prerequisite: 21.225 Introduction to Journalism. Students who have taken 21.331 Reporting of Public Affairs will not receive credit for this course.

21.333 Critical Writing

An advanced writing course designed to foster theoretically informed textual analysis. The course includes extensive study of literary theory, research, and writing about a variety of works.

Prerequisite: 21.110 Expository Writing and two literature courses.

21.335 Feature Writing

A course which emphasizes writing the feature story for newspapers and magazines. This course develops the skills to recognize a news peg that can be expanded into a feature, and studies the growth in the use of features within print journalism.

Prerequisite: 21.225 Introduction to Journalism.

21.342 Modern Drama

An examination of methods and types of modern continental, British, and American drama. Critical reading and discussion of plays by such writers as Ibsen, Chekhov, Pirandello, Anouilh, Ionesco, Shaw, Miller, Williams, and Albee.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 and one 200-level literature course; or permission of instructor.

21.345 Studies in the Bible as Literature

An in-depth study of the literary art of the Bible in the context of the literature of the ancient Middle East. Focusing on specific topics, the course investigates the special literary characteristics of sacred texts, and may emphasize particular techniques (such as allusion, repetition, or parallelism) or genres (such as poetry, epic, prophecy, fable or history) within the Bible canon.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 and one 200-level literature course; or permission of instructor.

21.353 Dickinson and Frost

Careful reading of selected writings which reflect the development of these two major New England poets.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 and one 200-level literature course; or permission of instructor.

21.360 African American Literature

A study of the fiction and non-fiction of African Americans throughout American history, including characteristic literary forms such as the slave narrative, autobiography, and song. The course focuses on such writers as Wheatley, Douglass, Jacobs, Washington, DuBois, Hurston, Toomer, Hughes, Baldwin, Wright, Ellison, King, Malcolm X, Walker, Morrison, and Wilson.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 and one 200-level literature course; or permission of instructor.

21.362 Russian Literature in Translation

A study of novels, short stories, plays, and poetry by Russian writers of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, including Gogol, Turgenev, Dostoevsky, Tolstoy, Chekhov, Mayakovsky, Olesha, Babel, Pasternak, Solzhenitsyn, and Yevtushenko. The works are studied for the purpose of tracing the continuing concerns of the Russian writers before and after the Revolution. All readings are in English translation.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 and one 200-level literature course; or permission of instructor.

21.365 American Romanticism

A critical study of essays, novels, short stories, and poetry by some of the major American writers of the first half of the nineteenth-century. Through a consideration of writers such as Emerson, Thoreau, Hawthorne, and Poe, students explore the aesthetic developments and philosophical ideas expressed through the genre of Romanticism and its related movement, Transcendentalism. The cultural and historical background of the genre is also discussed.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 and one 200-level literature course; or permission of instructor.

21.368 American Realism and Naturalism

A critical study of works from the major American writers of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, including such writers as Crane, Dreiser, James, Jewett, Twain, and Wharton. Emphasis is on the development of realism and naturalism, and on the historical, political, and cultural contexts of these literary movements.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 and one 200-level literature course; or permission of instructor.

21.374 Modern British and American Poetry

A study of various modern poets, including Yeats, Eliot, Frost, Robinson, Housman, Hardy, and Hopkins. Attention is given to various theories about the nature and function of modern poetry, particularly where these theories differentiate modern poetry from the poetry of the past.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 and one 200-level literature course; or permission of instructor.

21.376 The Twentieth-Century Novel

A study of major writers, ideas, and forms of the twentieth-century novel in Europe and America, with emphasis on the first half of the century. Close reading and discussion of representative works by such writers as Joyce, Hesse, Faulkner, Camus, and Bellow.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 and one 200-level literature course; or permission of instructor.

21.379 Contemporary European and American Literature

An examination of ideas, trends, and forms in recent literature from Europe and North and South America, beginning with “classic” contemporary authors such as Sartre, Camus, Beckett, Borges, and moving on to those who have come to prominence more recently, such as Italo Calvino, Peter Handke, Gabriel Garcia-Marquez, and Tillie Olsen. The course focuses on the ways in which these writers view contemporary experience.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 and one 200-level literature course; or permission of instructor.

21.393 Literature for Preadolescents

A critical examination of the literature relating to the special emotional and intellectual needs of readers in the 9-13 age group. Although emphasis is placed on study and evaluation of contemporary realistic novels, related areas such as biography, poetry, and history are considered.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 and one 200-level literature course; or permission of instructor.

21.394 Workshop in Children’s Literature

A workshop which explores the relationship between children’s books and the curriculum of grades K-8. Emphasis is on interdisciplinary and multi-age approaches. Diverse activities provide background for discussion of the literary genres represented in traditional and contemporary writings for children and their application to classroom use.

Prerequisite: 21.212 Literature for Children.

21.395 Literature for Young Adults

An introduction to the literature appropriate for young adults, including fiction and nonfiction for leisure reading as well as for curriculum enrichment. Selected audiovisual materials related to this literature are also considered. This course aids teachers, librarians, media specialists, and those preparing for these professions in the selection evaluation of literature for junior and senior high school students. Reference sources, selection tools, and the problems of censorship inherent in the field are also studied.

Prerequisite: The equivalent of two full years of college study or permission of the instructor.

21.396 Literature for the Young Child

The study of literature for the child from toddler through Grade 3: folktales, nursery rhymes and poetry, picture and picture story books, informational books, easy-to-read books and novels for beginning readers. The various genres are examined in relation to aesthetic criteria, social implications, and appropriate audiences. An introduction to selective bibliographic tools and review media is included.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 and one 200-level literature course; or permission of instructor.

21.399 Contemporary Trends in Literature for Children

A study of current books for children and adolescents with particular emphasis upon the novel as reflecting attitudinal changes, contemporary problems, and social concerns. Opportunity will be provided for discussion and comparative evaluation of recent books prior to their being reviewed in professional journals.

Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor.

21.401 The English Language

A study of the ancestry of English, of the processes and results of change in sound, form, and meaning. The classification of languages, social and regional dialects, theories of language acquisition, and other topics are examined to give the student a general understanding of modern developments in linguistics.  Note This course is recommended for students planning graduate study in English.

21.407 Chaucer

A study of The Canterbury Tales, Troilus and Criseyde, and other shorter poems in relation to Chaucer’s world and time, his development as an artist, and the lasting value of the works. After an introduction to Chaucer’s language, students read his works in Middle English.

Prerequisite: Completion of Gen. Ed. Goal 1 and one 200-level literature course; or permission of instructor.

21.410 Seminar in Creative Writing

An advanced writing workshop, in which students will be encouraged to follow their own writing interests, particularly in long subjects. Reading and discussion of manuscripts.

Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor.

21.411 Seminar in Prose Writing

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