Scholars discuss the historical context and aftermath of the Challenger Disaster

By Francisco Omar Fernandez Rodriguez
Publications Intern

Reflecting on the 1986 Space Shuttle Challenger Disaster requires learning about both its historical context and the impact it left on everyone in the counry, which was the focus of a recent McAuliffe Center Challenger Anniversary event.

Dr. Jon Huibregtse, professor emeritus, said a historian talking about a whole decade in only 10 minutes was a difficult task, but he decided to do so through “screenshots of events.”

The 1980s was not a great decade for blue collar Americans as the United States lost about two million manufacturing jobs throughout the decade, he said.

“It was in the 1980s that the phrase ‘working poor’ entered the American lexicon, meaning people who worked full time but were living around the poverty line despite of all of their hard work,” Huibregtse said.

President Ronald Reagan’s 1983 foreign policy speech has been dubbed by many historians as the “evil empire speech,” Huibregtse said. “It signaled a sharp break from the détente that had existed with the Soviet Union.” 

In June of 1981, the CDC first reported five cases of particular pneumonia that is now known as “common among people infected with HIV/AIDS, which was just starting to enter public consciousness, but the government was silent as this crisis devastated communities,” Huibregtse said.

This was the backdrop for the disaster that occurred on January 28th, 1986. Jennifer Levasseur, the space history curator at the National Air and Space Museum, said she was very aware of the space program as a child and had turned nine years old when she saw on television the Challenger disaster.

The moment became a “shared collective public memory. This is a moment that many people, not just children, shared in, just like my parents could recall where they were when President Kennedy was shot,” Levasseur said.

She said NASA had chosen people from diverse backgrounds to make up the Challenger’s crew.

It consisted of Ellison Onizuka, the first Asian American astronaut, Judith Resnik, the first Jewish American astronaut, and Ronald McNair, one of the first African American astronauts, she said.

The crew also included Richard Scobee as commander, Michael Smith as pilot, and Gregory Jarvis and, of course, Christa Corrigan McAuliffe '70 a non-professional astronauts selected for the Teacher in Space program.

Before 1981 there were already concerns about the shuttle designs, she said.

The engineers who voiced their concerns were pushed aside to keep the program going, she said.

“The incidents that caused both of the tragedies were well known. It was a managerial problem in the end,” Levasseur said.
 

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